What is Pressure?

Definition: Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.

Formula: Pressure (P) = Force (F) / Area (A)

Unit: Pascal (Pa) (1 Pa = 1 N/m²)

Types of Pressure

Atmospheric Pressure: The pressure exerted by the Earth's atmosphere due to the weight of air above it.

Gauge Pressure: The pressure measured relative to atmospheric pressure. It can be positive (above atmospheric pressure) or negative (below atmospheric pressure).

Absolute Pressure: The total pressure, measured relative to a perfect vacuum.

Factors Affecting Pressure

Force: A larger force applied over the same area results in higher pressure.

Area: A smaller area of application for the same force results in higher pressure.

Applications of Pressure

Hydraulic Systems: Utilize Pascal's principle to amplify force (e.g., car brakes, hydraulic lifts).

Pneumatic Systems: Use compressed air to power tools and machinery.

Barometers: Measure atmospheric pressure.

Manometers: Measure pressure differences in fluids.

Diving: Understanding pressure is crucial for divers to avoid decompression sickness.

Weather: Atmospheric pressure variations influence weather patterns.

Key Points

Pressure is a fundamental concept in physics and has numerous practical applications.

Understanding the relationship between force, area, and pressure is essential for various fields.

Different types of pressure exist, each with its own significance and applications.