Mechanisms
of Enzyme Action: Lock and Key vs. Induced Fit
Enzyme-Substrate
Complex:
· Binding:
An enzyme binds to its specific substrate, forming an
enzyme-substrate (ES) complex.
· Catalysis:
The enzyme catalyzes the chemical reaction, transforming the
substrate into products.
· Dissociation:
The ES complex dissociates, releasing the enzyme and products.
Models
of Enzyme Action:
· Lock and Key Model:
Proposed by Emil Fischer, this
model suggests that the enzyme and substrate have complementary shapes, fitting
together like a lock and key.
· Induced Fit Model:
Proposed by Daniel Koshland,
this model suggests that the active site of the enzyme is flexible and can
change shape to accommodate the substrate.
Key
Points:
· Specificity:
Enzymes are highly specific for their substrates due to the
complementary shapes involved in the enzyme-substrate interaction.
· Induced Fit:
The induced fit model better explains the flexibility of enzymes
and their ability to accommodate different substrates.
· Active Site:
The active site of the enzyme is the region where the substrate
binds and the catalytic reaction occurs.
The
induced fit model is generally considered to be a more accurate representation
of enzyme action, as it accounts for the flexibility and adaptability of
enzymes in recognizing and binding to their substrates.
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